Okiside ya azote (NOx) ni umwanda wangiza ukomoka ku gutwika ibicanwa biva mu binyabiziga no mu nganda.

Umwuka wa azote (NOx) ni umwanda wangiza ukomoka ku gutwika ibicanwa biva mu binyabiziga no mu nganda.Ibyo bihumanya bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu no ku bidukikije, bigatera ibibazo by’ubuhumekero ndetse n’umwotsi.Kugira ngo imyuka ya azote igabanuke, ibinyabiziga byinshi n’ibikoresho byo mu nganda bifite ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya azote kugira ngo bikurikirane kandi bigenzure ibyo byangiza.

Ibyuma bya azote ni igice cyingenzi muri sisitemu igezweho yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere kuko bifasha kwemeza ibinyabiziga nibikoresho byinganda bikora mubipimo byateganijwe.Izi sensor zikora mukumenya ubunini bwa oxyde ya azote mumuriro no gutanga ibitekerezo kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura moteri, bikayemerera kugira ibyo ihindura kugirango yongere umuriro kandi igabanye imyuka ya azote.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bwa sensor ya NOx, harimo sensor ya chemiluminescence hamwe na sensor ya electrochemic.Imashini ya chemiluminescence ikora mugupima urumuri rwatanzwe mugihe cya reaction ya chimique hagati ya okiside ya azote na gaze ya reaction, mugihe ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bikoresha imiti kugirango bitange ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi bihwanye nubushakashatsi bwa azote.

Imwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi mugushushanya sensor ya NOx nukureba niba ari ukuri kandi byizewe mugushakisha urwego ruto rwa NOx mumyuka ya gaze.Byongeye kandi, sensor zigomba kuba zishobora guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubuzima bubi buboneka muri sisitemu yumuriro, bigatuma biba igice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya.

Mu myaka yashize, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya sensor ryatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi kandi ryumvikana rya NOx.Kurugero, sensor zimwe zirimo ubu catalizike yatoranijwe yo kugabanya (SCR), ishobora guhitamo kugabanya okiside ya azote kuri azote n'amazi ukoresheje kugabanya ibintu nka ammonia.Ibi bituma habaho kugenzura neza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, cyane cyane muri moteri ya mazutu, izwiho kubyara urwego rwo hejuru rwa NOx.

Byongeye kandi, kwinjiza ibinyabiziga bisuzumwa (OBD) ibisabwa byateje imbere iterambere ryinshi rya sensor ya NOx.Izi sensor ubu zirashobora gutanga amakuru nyayo kuri sisitemu ya OBD yikinyabiziga, bigatuma hashobora gukurikiranwa neza no gutanga raporo y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.Ibi bifasha kwemeza ko ikinyabiziga cyujuje ubuziranenge bw’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere kandi bigafasha kumenya ibibazo byose bishobora guterwa na sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

Mu gihe guverinoma ku isi ikomeje gukaza umurego ku bijyanye n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, biteganijwe ko izamuka ry’imikorere yizewe kandi yizewe ya NOx.Ibi byatumye ubushakashatsi niterambere byiyongera muburyo bwa tekinoroji yibanda ku kunoza imikorere ya sensor, kuramba no gukoresha neza.

Mu gusoza, sensor ya NOx igira uruhare runini mukugabanya ibyuka byangiza ibinyabiziga nibikoresho byinganda.Mugihe tekinoroji ya sensor igenda itera imbere, ibyo byuma bifata amajwi birushijeho kuba byiza, byizewe kandi bihanitse, bituma habaho kugenzura neza no kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere.Nkuko akamaro ko kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ikomeje kwiyongera, iterambere rya sensor ya NOx igezweho bizafasha kugera ku bwiza bw’ikirere gisukuye, gifite ubuzima bwiza mu bihe bizaza.